M.D-M.D 1st Year D.M. (Cardiology)- Paper I – Basic Sciences(Kerala University of Health Sciences-2014)

QP Code:101501                                                 Reg.No.:…………………………

                D.M. (Cardiology) Degree Supplementary Examinations - March 2014
                                             Paper I – Basic Sciences

Time: 3 hrs                                                                           Max marks:100

• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essay: (20)

1. Describe the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure in detail

Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Embryology and anatomy of atrio-ventricular septal defects
3. Describe the components of mitral valve apparatus with a diagram. Add a note on its surgical importance
4. Describe the coronary venous circulation and its applied aspects
5. Coronary flow reserve and its significance
6. Pressure volume loops in congestive heart failure
7. The Renin - Angiotensin - Aldosterone system (RAAS) and the drugs at different level of blockade.
8. Dynamic maneuvers and its effect on sounds and murmurs.
9. Fetal circulation: Discuss the changes that happen during the transition to adult circulation 
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