DOEACC Society 2006 DOEACC C Level C11 Multimedia Technology & Virtual Reality ( ) - Question Paper

C11-R3: MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY AND VIRTUAL REALITY
NOTE:
Time: three Hours Total Marks: 100
1.
a) What is temporal redundancy in video encoding?
b) What is the difference ranging from “lossless” and “lossy” compression?
c) What is aliasing in sampled images? How can aliasing be avoided?
d) discuss how MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 improve on the video compression rates that can be
achieved by compressing every frame as a JPEG.
e) elaborate the characteristics of the Internet Protocol (IP), which enable it to facilitate the
interconnection of heterogeneous networks? How do these characteristics fit with the
needs of real time multimedia applications?
f) What is RAID technology and what advantages does it offer as a medium for storage
and delivery of large data?
g) A VRML file is a textual description of a 3D world or object. Valid VRML files start with a
header. Comments are used in VRML file to document the structure and logic.
i) Write an example of a VRML header.
ii) Write an example of a VRML comment.
(7x4)
2.
a) define H.263 coding process with an example. What is the difference ranging from H.263
code and H.261 code?
b) Explain, why ATM data transfer mode is suitable for multimedia communication.
(9+9)
3.
a) What is the difference ranging from inter-object and intra-object synchronization.
b) Construct a Huffman binary tree using the provided a set of symbols with a list of relative
probabilities of occurrence within a message.
m0 m1 m2 m3 m4
0.10 0.36 0.15 0.2 0.19
c) Show how you would encode the subsequent token stream using zero length suppression
and run length encoding:
ABC000AAB00000000DEFAB00000
(4+8+6)
C11-R3 Page one of two July, 2006
1. ans ques. one and any 4 ques. from two to 7.
2. Parts of the identical ques. should be answered together and in the identical
sequence.
4.
a) Why is TCP not suitable for real-time traffic? How does RTP overcome the limitation of
TCP for real-time traffic? Also comment on quality of service guarantees in RTP.
b) Why is DCT calculated on small blocks (of 8x8 or 16x16) instead of on the whole
images?
c) Why is multicasting relevant to multimedia traffic? At what level in the networking stack
would it be improper to facilitate multicasting for time sensitive traffic and why?
(8+4+6)
5.
a) discuss what is meant by sample rate and sample length in the situation of digitizing
sound. define what the dynamic range of a sound means. explain the relationship
ranging from sample length and dynamic range.
b) What is frequency masking and temporal masking? What does MPEG Layer three (MP3)
audio do differently from Layer one in order to incorporate temporal masking?
c) elaborate the issues faced in integrating multimedia data and how are these
overcome?
(6+6+6)
6.
a) define properties that make Virtual Reality a usable tool for training/entertainment etc.
b) In immersive Virtual Reality (VR) systems, stereoscopic Head Mounted Displays (HMDs)
can help to provide the appearance of looking at a 3D world, by tracking the users head
movements and rendering the improper views to the left and right eyes. In what ways
is a user likely to be able to distinguish the virtual scene from the real world?
c) Outline the various techniques that can be used for tracking user movements in VR
applications, and compare their benefits and limitations.
(6+6+6)
7.
a) describe multimedia, hypertext and hypermedia. How are these related?
b) discuss the role of an Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) in relation to a video conferencing
session involving multiple geographically distributed video conferencing studios.
c) What is MHEG and provide 1 application of MHEG.
(6+9+3)
C11-R3 Page two of two July, 2006

Earning:   Approval pending.