Kerala University 2005 Ph.D Entrance - - Question Paper

a)    DAA

b)    DADH

c)    XCHG

d)    RAL

8.    What are software interrupts? Explain those available in 8085.

9.    Explain the sequence of operations whyi a processor is interrupted.

10.    Write regular expression for variable names in C Language and convert the regular expression to context free grammar.

11.    What are the features of a good software design?

12.    Discuss two methods for creating and running a thread in JAVA.

13.    Write short notes on

a)    Embedded SQL

b)    Virtual records

c)    Client Server data bases

14.    Explain a Perceptron classifier in artificial neural networks. What are its limitations?

15.    Compare and contrast Crisp and Fuzzy sets.

16.    Explain Black Board Architecture in Artificial Intelligence.

fP.T.OI

Section C

1.    Discuss the challenges in developing embedded system software. Identify potential research issues in this field.

2.    Discuss the issues in implementing distributed databases. How are they handled in the World Wide Web?

3.    Discuss the data compression techniques and standards adopted in digital data transmission. Outline potential research issues in this field.

18. Electrical and Electronics Section B

1.    Why fault studies in power systems are required?

2.    Why transient stability limit is lower than steady state stability limit?

3.    Explain the importance of load curve in power system operation?

4.    What is meant by Ferranti effect in power transmission lines?

5.    What is the effect of excitation of synchronous motor on its armature current?

6.    What is meant by energy-efficient motors? How does it differ from ordinary motors?

7.    What is soft-starters for electric motors?

8.    What is the condition for maximum efficiency of dc generators?

9.    Draw a typical transistor amplifier in common emitter configuration. Explain the advantages of using this configuration.

10.    Explain how differential amplifiers are capable of reducing noise. What is meant by common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)?

11.    What is a combinational logic circuit? What are its important features?

12.    As referred to an SCR, explain

i)    latching current

ii)    holding current

iii)    turn-off time

iv)    repetitive peak forward voltage

13.    Briefly explain the principle of circulating current differential protection applied to power transformers.

14.    What are harmful effects of voltage surges? What is the difference between a surge and an impulse?

15.    What are the difference between fuel cells and storage batteries?

16.    What is self-tuning type of adaptive control? What are its merits?

1.    Evaluate the role of Internet in information dissemination.

2.    Modem trends in power generation from renewable sources of energy.

3.    Recent advances in the control of re-usable launch vehicles.

19. Electronic Communication Section B

Section C

1.    Give an account of data compression techniques.

2.    Discuss applications of Neural networks or Fuzzy Systems.    '

3.    Discuss recent trends in Mobile Communication System or Speech Synthesis.

20. Mechanical Engineering

Section B

1.    Differentiate between the impacts of make to stock and make to order strategies in manufacturing.

2.    What do you understand by mass customization?    fP.T.OI

3.    Describe the role of batch size in inventory build up and suggest how can you reduce the work in process inventory while ensuring prompt delivery.

4.    Briefly explain the role of Pareto analysis in conjunction with Ishikawa fishbone diagram to improve quality.

5.    Why only in constant pressure non flow process, the enthalpy change is equal to heat transfer.

6.    Establish that the efficiency of a reversible engine depend on temperature of source and sink and is independent of working substances.

7.    Why it is necessary to pressurize the cabin in the case of air refrigeration system?

8.    What are the factors causing diesel knock and how it affects performance.

9.    Distinguish between white and nodular cast iron.

10.    What is the objective of tempering plain high carbon steel?

11.    In castings, how padding helps in directional solidification?

12.    How does grain size in a polycogstalline solid affects the strength of the solid?

13.    Describe the Indian standard septem of Limits and fits.

14.    What do you understand by stress concentration? Explain.

1 S. Explain how factor of safety is determined under steady and varying loads.

16. What type of rolling contact bearing will be suggested under

(i)    Light radial load with high rotational speed and

(ii)    Heavy axial load with shock? Give reasons?

Section C

1.    An appropriate blend of agricultural production and industrial production highlighted economic stability. With increasing role of growth in service sector, the economic dimensions are changing. Analyze.

2.    Application of Internet, has redrawn the boundaries of manufacturing capabilities. Discuss the ways in which India can establish manufacturing excellence, maintaining quality and market acceptability using Internet and IT.

3.    Kerala has intellectuals, talents and potential for building up industrial infrastructure. Yet promoters hesitate to start business in the state. How can we build a healthy environment for promoters to establish business units in Kerala.

FACULTY OF FINE ARTS

21.    Music Section - B

1.    Daru

2.    Complementary interval

3.    Namavali

4.    Laws of Vibration

5.    Rain producing ragas

6.    Graha bhedam

7.    Radha mangala bhasha

8.    Thevaram

9.    Darsana Ashtapadi

10.    Ragamalika

11.    Navasandhi rituali

12.    Ganastambhas

13.    Thribzinna    

14.    Ragas used in Kathakali music. Write lakshanan for two raga.

15.    Morning ragas. Write lakshanan for two ragas.

16.    Divya prabandham

Section ,C

1.    Write the evolution of he instrument veena through ages.

2.    Write a note on the Raga and emotion with appropriate examples.

3.    Explain the music of the ancient Tamils,

FACULTY OF LAW 22.    Law Section B

1.    Vicarious liability

2.    Deterrent theory of punishment

3.    The doctrine of pari delicto

4.    Intellectual Property Rights

5.    Ratio decidendi

6.    Law as social engineering

7.    Ombudsman

8.    Right to education

9.    Doctrine of pleasure

10.    Failure of Constitutional machinery in the state

11.    Right to counsel

12.    Doctrine of proportionality

13.    Procedural ultra vires

14.    Constitutive theory of recognition

15.    Pactum sunt servanda

16.    Convention on Biological Diversity

Section C

1.    Right to Development and the New International Economic Order.

2.    Judicial Review and the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution.

3.    Transparency in Governance vis-a-vis Public Interest Immunity.

FACULTY OF MEDICINE 23. Basic Medical Sciences Section - B

a)    Anatomy

1.    Describe the attachment of thenar muscles and it innervations. What is the peculiarity of movements of thumb.

2.    Describe the extrahepatic biliary apparatus.

3.    Discuss the functional areas and blood supply of superolateral surface of human brain.

4.    Compare and contrast the fissures and medial surface of Right and Lung.

5.    Add notes on a) Sternum    b)Styloid process of temporal bone.

6.    Describe briefly a) Tympanic membrane b) Stemo mastoid muscle.

b)    Physiology:

1.    Explain the ionic basis of resting membrane and action potentials in skeletal muscle.

2.    Explain the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation in our body.

3.    How is respiration chemically regulated.

4.    Explain the functions of bite.

5.    Name hormones of adrenal cortex and give the functions of growth hormone.

6.    Explain the changes in the ovary during the different phases of menstruation.

c)    Pharmacology:

1.    Antiepileptic drugs

2.    Drugs used in bronchial asthma

3.    Oral contraceptive

4.    Adverse effects and uses of Glucocorticoids

5.    Local Anaesthetics

6.    Broad spectrum antibiotics

d)    Biomedical Sciences:

1.    Structure and function of immunoglobulins

2.    Detoxification

3.    Role of Vit D in calcium metabolism

4.    Discuss about RNA polymerases

5.    Protein biosynthesis in eukaryotes.

6.    Briefly explain how will you determine the molecular weight of a substance

e)    Pathology Questions:

1.    What is the definition of a granuloma? How are giant cells formed in granulomas? What are other cells in a granuloma? Describe the microscopic appearance of tuberculous granuloma.

2.    Distinguish between inflammatory and noninflamatory edema; define exudate vs transduate.

3.    Describe morpholic features of thrombi.

4.    Define pneumonia. Distinguish between bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia. List common etiologic agents for each type of pneumonia.

5.    Define Leukemias classify acute leukemias. Lit two cyto-chemical stains used in the diagnosis of leukemia. How will differentiate Leukemia and Leukemoid reaction.

6.    Compare and contrast benign and malignant tumors.    IP.T.OI

Section - C

1.    What is ethics in research and discuss about ethics and research in humans?

2.    Describe the recombinant DNA technology. What are the important applications of this technique.

3.    Discuss in detail the types of Research Design.

24. Medicine & Allied Specialities Section-B

26.    Status Asthamaticis

27.    Multiple Organ dysfunction syndrome

28.    Analgenic nephropathy

29.    Zollinger - Ellison syndrome

30.    Autoimmune Hepatitis

Section - C

1.    Discuss etiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, investigations and management of stroke in young patients.

2.    Discuss etiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, investigations and management of Hepatitis B.

3.    Discuss etiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, investigations and management of Hyper Osmolar non ketotic Coma.

25. Pharmaceutical Sciences Section - B

1.    Explain the principle of mass spectrometry.

2.    Give the principle of enzyme immunoassay and its applications.

3.    What is biological half-life? How is elimination rate constant determined from it?

4.    What is pharmaceutical incompatibility? Give examples.

5.    Explain the methods used to monitor adverse drug interactions.

6.    Give a brief note on biogenetic pathway in medicinal plants.

7.    Give a short account of Good Laboratory Practices.

8.    Explain recombinant DNA technique.

9.    Explain nutrigenomics with examples.

10.    Give a short account of tests used to evaluate tablets.

11.    What is twin cross over test? Give examples.

12.    What is the principle of HPTLC? Give its applications in Pharmacy.

13.    How does pharmacogenomics help in individualizing drug therapy?

14.    Give a brief note on accelerated stability studies.

15.    Write a short note on the neurotransmitters in the CNS.

16.    Give a short account of antisense drugs.

^&    IP.T.OI

Section C

1.    Discuss cGMP and its salient features.

2.    Discuss the various phases of clinical trial of a drug.

3.    Elaborate the various stages involved in the development of a new drug molecule from a lead molecule. What is high throughput screening?

26. Nursing Section B

1.    Issues and problems of present system of evaluation in nursing education.

2.    Disaster Management.

3.    Nursing care of patients with head injury.

4.    Progressive patient care.

5.    Directly observed therapy short term.

6.    Teenage care

7.    Quality assurance mechanisms in nursing practice.

8.    Ethical issues jn nursing.

9.    Self care deficit theory.

10.    Methods of disposal of solid wastes.

11.    Rehabilitation of patient with COPD.

12.    Characteristics of an evaluation tool

13.    Computer applications in nursing.

14.    Observation as a method of data collection.

15.    Longitudinal research designs.

16.    Future challenges in nursing practice.

Section C

1.    Discuss the different types of sampling and explain die factors to be considered for determining adequacy of sample size.

2.    Describe in detail how to critique a research report.

3.    "The rate of caesarian deliveries are found to be significantly high in a maternity hospital. As a nurse researcher, explain how a scientific investigation could be conducted to explore the factors in association with the above situation. Formulate a detailed research proposal.

FACULTY OF DENTISTRY 27. Dentistry Section B

1.    Research Methodology & Scientific writing

2.    Infection Control

3.    Oral Health is an integral part of Systemic Health

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT 28. Management Section - B

Define/Explain the following:

1.    Scientific Management

2.    Decentralisation

3.    Active listening

4.    Perceptual block

5.    Johari Window

6.    Research abstract

7.    Co-branding

8.    Production modification

9.    Multivariate analysis

10.    Plant layout

11.    ANOVA

12.    Structured interview

13.    360 degree appraisal

14.    Hot Stove Rule

15.    Paretos rule

16.    Demarketing

Section C

1.    What is the need for research in Management studies? Do you think that new avenues will be generated through the research in Management studies? Justify your answer.

2.    Describe the difference between Training and Development. Bring out the scope for improvement in skills, knowledge and attitude for Foreman in a large Manufacturing organisation through training.

3.    You are asked to do a study for a leading Consumer Durables dealer in Trivandrum who are marketing the ONIDA brand. Develop a questionnaire for analysing the purchase behaviour of Trivandrum city residents.

29. Tourism Section B

1.    Green Tourism

2.    Eco-tourism

3.    Beach tourism

4.    Ethnic tourism

5.    Multiplier effect in Tourism

6.    Heritage tourism

7.    Carrying capacity of Tourism

8.    Advantages of Travel packaged tourism

9.    Characteristics of Seven Star Hotels

10.    Destination Tourism

11.    Star Alliance in Air travel

12.    Duty Free Shopping

13.    Dubai Festival and Tourism

14.    Tourist guides

15.. Backwater cruises

16. Economics of Scale in Tourism

Section C

1.    What is a research process? Enumerate the characteristics of a good researcher.

2.    Differentiate between primary and secondary data.

3.    Evaluate the role of advertising in Tourism.

FACULTY OF ORIENTAL STUDIES 30. Arabic

Seciton C

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31. Linguistics Section B

\. What are the design features of human language?

2.    Why do we say language is symbolic?

3.    Differentiate morph, morpheme and allomorph.

4.    What is internal reconstruction?

5.    What is a phrase structure rule? Distinguish it from a transformational rule.

6.    Distinguish between phoneme and morphophoneme.

7.    How does language make infinite use of finite number of rules?

8.    What are vowels and consonants.

9.    Language is the mirror ofhuman mind. Discuss.

10.    What is text and textuality?

11.    Discuss the notion translation equivatenee.

12.    Distinguish between continuous and discontinuous ICs.

13.    What are linguistic universals?

14.    Is Transformational gramnier structural or post structural.

15.    A language is realized in its dialects? Do you agree? Explain.

16.    What is computational linguistics.

Section - C

1.    Discuss the methodology of morphenic analysis. What are the notations, tools and rules for the morphonic analysis of a language.

2.    How do you propose to do field work in linguistics? Elucidate the different techniques suggested by linguists of different theoretical orientations.

3.    What are sentences? How do you classify the sentences in your language as a prerequisite to a comprehensive syntactic analysis of the same.

32. Hindi

Section C

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33. Malayalam SECTION B

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2.    soaadomlQjo ai6rr51[ajojogajo

3.    Qg6rB<S(gptf<ngo fCgaJ(tGRDOOJ OGOJO

4.    csTBejsfeofonjijo (StLScilayo

5.    6>6)(TuscinomJ1cn)

6.    aiGJduoeniKmQs oj0d9sCB6r0o

7.    (IflrflfDOfnDtftwfboajnru

8.    oJoaJlcmrnflsilefeallaitbaoono

9.    ajsmoojoGo

10.    m51. ail. o96nr)fi)0m rro aiejayogooGojo

11.    @0oaj0cr0o[(3ft>ai6rT)nj0Go

12.    m5!.o)nro mocoo m&ayoepJlmftaamajjo

13.    ajoftoanrtflcQjjo 6)ni(ilar51|' cruaflnjmnjo

14.    2)(12)ee)(CT5)0(mo

15.    iGoailcuo@on2io<iaDoi.(m(itr6)c ojrold&nDeoojsBigc

16.    ffiejcognJLcmtajrLiAamDnncffTOlcr) QLofofgajannademolffiOfb onrtffldfclco) CTDoeOOKD

SECTION C

1.    6)_clj os ccalcos oerncnoiDcseiaynGrnjocA aneimn mejaodfcoaj@ooa3 (5rocofl6>q flnanflai (tood&aio of)d&rrn ofrrflo aspcoroQcn ffiejayogeooadcaS)s a/ltwoajooofl ojoynaWrrTnajf csyt&rtyflcranoffioffiemo? aJlai(&c/mo<Bm<&iiocQfl ajral(scrt)oa51dfo.

2.    eonaocoGicmsSlor oJlcfcoaoja)l6rooai6rac/& ajcfld&oooft lajffiayosgonojsnm 6)o_IOGO(D6tfr3tft QjlOJflljaJ' (0T0OJCQ6)S CrOOGJQfl&tflbgO aJflflffilcofloftiggO

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3.    aiJCQ)0mrnQGJ crxsajoraoocn smocuaft cruoarilQrtnra) aflAcan

(OOfiaTCQ) (n)0o(TUtfo0(0lft> <2iojfl>6ma0sc/b co(?ojoai6mora)flBbffiocQn

1.    Prasthanatraya and its influence on Indian philosophy.

2.    Sanskrit education and values of life.

3.    Critical appreciation of Abijnanasakuntala.

35. Tamil

Section B

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.3. GuijGVirrbnpi (ipsnnop nryamjiutx (Historical Research) Liujssmii

_r)UiG~ij3 3iT6mr)]&>6ir><jrT cnj6S)<3>uu(i)t&>$ aS\sn&(Sja>.

FACULTY OF FUTURE STUDIES 36. Technology Management , Section B

1.    Give a brief account of methods of technology forecasting.

2.    Make a comparison of Gompertz and Pearl curves,

3.    Give the advantages and disadvantages of Morphological analysis as a technology forecasting method.

4.    Give a brief account of measuring chaos.

5.    Give an account of bio informatics.

6.    Develop a note on value chain analysis.

7.    Conceptualise and highlight the importance of developing early warning systems.

8.    Make an assessment of developing optical fiber technology in India.

9.    Give an account of prospects of nano technology in the context of India.

10.    Critically evaluate the ongoing space research in India.

11.    Elucidate with a case study - the relevance tree as a method of technology forecasting.

12.    Distinguish process and product life cycles in terms of the lags.

13.    Explain the dimensions of Technology Information Systems.

14.    Develop a note on technology assessment.

15.    Explain what do you mean by Adaptive Estimation Procedure (AEP).

16.    Conceptualise Genetic Algorithm.

Section C

1.    Discuss the importance of fuzzy logic in technology development.

2.    Give an account of knowledge engineering.

3.    Develop a note on technological implications of globalization in the context of India.

FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION 37. Physical Education Section B

1.    Explain the significance of Management in Physical Education and Sports.

2.    Naturalism in Physical Education.

3.    Consolation Knock out tournaments.

4.    Types of muscle contraction.

5.    SAF Games.

6.    Biomechanical Analysis of Triple Jump.

7.    Sign and Symptoms of overload training.

8.    Contemporary Physical Education.

9.    Qualities and Qualifications of a coach.

10.    Components of health related physical fitness.

11.    History of Volleyball Federation of India.

12.    Doping in Sports.

13.    Sports Authority of India.

14.    Sports Nutrition.

15.    Mental Imagery

16.    Laws of Learning

Section C

1.    Types of Research in Physical Education and Sports.

2.    Theories of Management.

3.    Research in Sports Sciences.

FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE 38. Biotechnology Section B

1.    What is the mechanism by which Klebsiella sp. become antibiotic resistant.

2.    Name and describe the organism that is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in adults.

3.    What is acellular vaccine?

4.    Describe what happens at each steps in gram stain.

5.    Can a dog infected with rabies virus transmit the disease while appearing well? Explain.

6.    Explain the techniques by which DNA uptake of a plant cell is achieved.

7.    What are anchorage dependent and anchorage independent cell cultures?

8.    What are mycorrhizae.

9.    What are nod genes? Explain its role in symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

10.    How will you distinguish a Prokaryotic cell from a Eukaryotic cell.

11.    What is cDNA? How is it used for cloning Eukaryotic genes.

12.    What is the difference between a yeast, a mold and a mushroom.

13.    Describe the various kinds of granulocytes and their function.

14.    What are endotoxins? How do they differ from exotoxins.

15.    Describe the method for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antimicrobial drug.

16.    Describe the process by which diphtheria toxin enters host cell and kills them.

17.    What is hemolytic uremic syndrome? Name an organism that can cause it.

18.    Describe the process of Bioremediation.

19.    How does canning differ from pasteurization.

20.    What is gene silencing.    IP.T.OI

21.    What are monoclonal antibodies.

22.    What is RFLP? How is it used for gene mapping.

23.    Define the terms:

a)    Hypersensitive response

b)    Systemic acquired resistance

c)    Induced systemic response

24.    What are defensins and Elicitors? What is its importance in disease resistance?

Section C

1.    What are antibiotics? What are the methods adopted for screening antibiotic producing organisms. Explain the mechanism of action of an antibiotic.

2.    What are nif genes? Give an account of the nitrogenase enzyme and the mechanism of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

3.    Give an account of the application of biotechnology in Agriculture.

39. Computer Science Section - B

1.    The logical address space in a computer system consists of- 128 segments of capacity 32 pages of 4K words. The physical memory consists of 4k page frames, each of 4k word capacity. Formulate the logical and physical address format. Note the binary number of the logical address for segment 35 and word number 1999 on page 16.

2.    Obtain the 4-bit twos complement representation of the number - 7₁₀.

3.    Describe the movements of packets on a bus network and describe the movement of messages on a ring network.

4.    Write an algorithm to find the shortest path between each pair of nodes of a given graph G. Suppose you want to trace the shortest path, in addition to finding out the length, explain how best you can do this.

5.    Write a recursive algorithm to calculate the binomial coefficient (ⁿk). Find the total number of recursive calls needed for the computation of (ⁿk).

6.    Give the technical difference between a Java applet and a Java application.

7.    Explain the two methods for creating threads in Java.

8.    What is a semaphore? Explain the three operations that process can perform on a semaphore.

9.    Describe the client-server, three-layer architecture. What are the three different types of procedure calls used in client-server scenarios? Describe them briefly.

10.    Define the transitive closure of a binary relation. Describe Warshalls algorithm to compute the transitive closure of a given relation.

11.    What is commonsense knowledge? How can you represent such commonsense knowledge?

12.    Design a tree traversal algorithm which does not require the use of a stack or a thread.

13.    Describe the process involved in merge sort used in merging two sorted arrays. Write a pseudo code for merge-sort. Obtain the time complexity of your algorithm.

14.    Describe the RSA Encryption Algorithm and explain how that is used in designing digital signatures.

15.    Define the concept of hashing. Design a hashing method using objects and classes.

16.    Explain the difference between entropy coding and direct coding of a sequence of symbols of length m.

Section C

1.    What are RPCs (Remote Procedure Galls)? Explain briefly the fundamental concepts and issues to RPCs. Describe the various steps that normally take place in RPC (use a diagram if required).

2.    Discuss the problem of database mining. Make a review of some popular algorithms in database mining, their merits and demerits. Explain the new trends in the technology.

3.    Describe the important components and their functions of a Search Engine. What are the drawbacks of a traditional search technique? Give a critical overview (including its features) of Google.

40. Environmental Science Section-B

1.    El Nino.

2.    Wind roses.

3.    Water pollution-Causes and effects.

4.    Vermicompostiog.

5.    Polluter pays principle.

6.    Fresh water ecosystems.

7.    Desertification.

8.    Rainwater harvesting.

9.    Fly ash and its utilization.

10.    Inversions.

11.    Ecolabelling.    [p.T.OI

12.    Hydrosere.

13.    Ramsar convention and classification of Wetlands.

14.    Keystone species and endemic species.

15.    Ozone Depletion.

16.    EPA 1986.

Section-C

1.    CRZ and coastal zone management

2.    Soil Erosion, causes and soil Conservation.

3.    Instruments used for Water Quality Analysis.

41. Optoelectronics Section-B

1.    Briefly explain the concept of coherence.

2.    Explain the Fourier transform property of a lens.

3.    What is second harmonic generation?

4.    Name a few cases in which polarization plays a role in light matter interaction.

5.    Give notes on photonic materials.

6.    Explain the blue colour of ocean?

7.    What is WDM? What are its advantages?

8.    Give notes on different types of signal attenuation mechanisms in an optical fiber.

9.    Write the electromagnetic spectrum in the ascending order of frequency.

10.    Explain the three transmission windows in a silica fiber in optical communication.

11.    Give notes on photominescence.

12.    Distinguish between indirect and direct band gap materials.

13.    Write down Maxells equation for an isotropic medium.

14.    Write down the different optical modulation techniques.

15.    Give notes on laser speckle patterns.

16.    What do you mean by spatial filtering?

Section-C

1, Describe different types of optical fibers. Explain how light is propogated

through a fiber. Briefly explain the different signal dispersion mechanisms in a fiber. Also explain the modes in a fiber.

2.    Write down the principle of a laser. Distinguish between stimulated emission and spontaneous emission. Briefly explain the working of a He-Ne laser.

3.    a). What is the principle of holography? Mention, its advantages over

conventional photography,

b). Explain how holograms are recorded and images are reconstructed.

FACULTY OF SCIENCE 42. Aquatic Bio & Fisheries Section-B

1.    What is the present trend in water quality management of culture ponds?

2.    How C:N ratio enhance the productivity in fish ponds?

3.    What are the molecular tools for the assessing genetic diversity?

4.    Describe the methodology for the biodiversity of fisheries.

5.    Comment on biodegradation of phenol in retting grounds.

6.    Trawling ban enhances the fishery resources during rainy season-comment on.

7.    Give a note on live stock assessment of ornamental fish in Lakshedweep.

8.    Explain the biological balances in the aquarium.

9.    Protein marker is the key to the identification of toxicity-Explain.

10.    Host-Parasite specificity is a metabolite exchange-Discuss.

11.    In which way mangrove vegetation serves for fish and prawn as spawning habitat?

12.    Specify population dynamics, community structure and species diversity of fish in a tropical estuary.

13.    Explain the immunostimstimulants of plant origin for fish health management.

14.    Balancing microbial diversity enhances the health management of prawn culture system-Discuss.

15.    What is the present status of Epizootic Ulcerative syndrome in fishes of the tropical countries?

16.    Whether pigment sources change the colour and growth of juvenile fish. If so, what are the pigments?

Section-C

1.    How does the present coastal aquaculture industry influences the socio-economic status of fishing community?

2.    Molecular techniques and classical biological taxanomy are interdependent-Explain with suitable examples.

3.    Remote sensing technology on fishery resources of Oceans-Discuss.

43. Biochemistry Section-B

\. Write down the pathway for the formation of Glucose from Alanine indicating the enzymes catalyzing each reaction.

2.    Explain the importance of covalent modifications of enzymes in vivo with suitable examples.

3.    How does C4 pathway differ from C3 pathway of carbon fixation. ,

4.    Describe the flow of electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

5.    What are the key functional differences between FI AT Pase and Na⁺-K⁺ AT Pase.

6.    How did Meselon-Stahl experiment confirm that DNA replication is semiconservative.

7.    Explain the role of G protein in the intracellular generation of second messenger in response to adrenalin.    ,

8.    Explain the role of nucleoside diphosphate sugars in carbohydrate interconvension.

9.    How is nitric oxide formed in the cell? Explain its second messenger function.

10.    Explain the action of pyridoxal phosphate as a coenzyme.

11.    Explain the mechanism of check point arrest in cell cycle progresson in G2 phase.

12.    Pyruvate stands at the juction of multiple pathways. Substantiate the statement.

13.    Explain the molecular mechanism of ADH action in the control of water balance.

14.    Differentiate between muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

15.    Describe the pathways for activation of caspases in a poptotic process.

16.    Explain the use of SiRNA technology in the study of gene expression.

Section - C

1.    An experiment was done to determine the effect of a component Z on the biochemical reaction A + B C catalysed by the enzyme E. It was found that in the presence of Z very little of the product C was formed, but if the concentration of A and B was greatly increased, then the product C formed at an almost normal rate. Explain how Z is acting on this reaction, with suitable Kinetic analysis.

2.    A new protein has been identified and antibodies have been produced. Explain how the antibodies can be employed to study.

(a)    Changes in the level of this protein in plasma.

(b)    Localisation of the protein in the ER, in hepatocyte.

(c)    Effect of a drug on the synthesis of the protein.

3. A herbal formulation has been claimed to have significant hepatoprotective effect. Design an experiment using a suitable animal model to evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.

44. Botany Section - B

1.    What are enzymes? How do they differ from inorganic catalysts and coenzymes? Gi ve mechanism of enzyme action.

2.    Briefly outline the protoplast fusion technique and its application in the in plant improvement.

3.    What is oxidative phosphorylation? Give mechanism of phosphorylation in the light of recent researches.

4.    Define genetic code. Give a brief account on the properties of genetic code.

5.    Describe in brief the mechanism of protein synthesis in prokaryotes. How does it differ from enkaryotes.

6.    What are CAl plants? How do they differ from C4 plants. Give mechanism of carbon fixation in CAM plants.

7.    Define quarantine. Briefly describe the process of quarantine during plant introduction, giving suitable examples.

8.    What is emasculation? Explain different methods of emasculation practiced in crop improvement programme.

9.    Explain the development of one- gene-one-enzyme hypothesis and discuss its significance.

10.    DNA replication is semiconservative. Discuss the experimental evidence of this statement.

11.    Briefly describe the northern and western blotting techniques and discuss their application.

12.    Briefly describe the various mechanisms for the fixation of mutant alleles in populations with special reference to selectionist and concepts

13.    Discuss the role of controlling elements in gene regulation in enkaryotes.

14.    Describe the structure and function of ribosomes.

15.    Explain the primary, secondary and textary structure of protein.

16.    Define gene interaction. With suitable example explain complementary gene interaction and their phenotypic variation.

Section-C

1. Briefly explain an appropriate breeding technique for the production of disease resistant and high yieldind cotton.    >p _T

2.    Discuss in detail a how bio-systemic study helps to understand the interrelationship of plant population. Cite examples.

3.    Define genetic transformation with suitable example. Explain how the technique is applicable to produce genetically modified plants.

45. Chemistry Section-B

1.    What is trans effect in metal complexes? Discuss its application in synthesis inorganic chemistry.

2.    Explain the reasons for the colours and variable valances of transition metals.

3.    Write briefly on charge transfer spectra with suitable examples.

4.    State and explain the selection rules pertaining to electronic spectroscopy.

5.    Write a note on various nuclear reactions with examples.

6.    Write shortly on interhalogen compounds with examples

7.    Explain the terms: diaptropic, homoaromatic, mesionic and heteroaromatioc with suitable examples.

8.    What is optical isomerism? Discuss the optical isomerism of biphenyls.

9.    Give a brief account of Diels-Alder reaction.

10.    Discuss that factors that influence the structure and stability of carbon radicals.

11.    What is benzoin condensation? Discuss its mechanism.

12.    Discuss photoelectric effect and Compton effect.

13.    State Carnot theorem. Derive the expression for the efficiency in a reversible cyclic process.

14.    Derive Maxwell relations.

15.    Describe a method for the determination of viscosity of gases.

16.    What is corrosion? Briefly discuss the theories of corrosion.

Section-C

1.    Discuss the various instrumental techniques used for the structural studies of metal complexes.

2.    Discuss the principle and application of IR spectroscopy for the characterization of organic compounds.

3.    Write a critical account of reaction kinetics bringing out various mechanisms in reactions in solution with suitable examples.

46. Demography Section-B

1. Do you think that the declining sex ratio among 0-6 populations in kerala is due to sex selection abortion?

2.    What do you mean by sustainable development?

3.    How can utilize experiences of kerala in the formulative of a national population policy?

4.    Describe the salient features of Indian census.

5.    Describe the factors to be considered in fraiming a questionnaire.

6.    Discuss the stable population theory as developed by Alfred Lotka.

7.    Explain the impact of population growth on natural resources.

8.    Describe Brass method of estimating completeness of death registration.

9.    Status of women is determined by women empowerment and women antonomy, Discuss.

10.    Explain the critical minimum effort thesis of Lebenstein.

11.    Development is the best contraceptive. Comment.

12.    Explain the demographic transition theory.

13.    In kerala, mortality is low, but morbidity is high. Comment.

14.    How can you construct an Abridged life table?

15.    Explain the effect of population growth on economic development.

16.    Explain the usefulness of path analysis in social science research.

Section-C

1.    How do you find out the demographic and socio-economic profile of a ward? Prepare a questionnaire and give the methodology to analyse the data.

2.    What are the stages involved in social science research?

3.    How can you demographically evaluate the family welfare programmes in India?

47. Geology Section-B

1.    Explain the magnetic reversal in deep-sea sediments.

2.    . With suitable examples elucidate the application of Rubeys equation and stokes

Law.    

3.    Comment on the Lead and Zinc deposits of India.

4.    Illustrate the use of microfossils in oil exploration.

5.    Discuss the process in paired metamorphic belts.

6.    Give an account of the clay deposits of kerala.

7.    * What are strategic minerals?

8.    With suitable examples discuss the formation of oil traps.

9.    Discuss the use of Bouger anomaly maps in the exploration for mineral resources.

10.    Write explanatory notes on microhardness test.

11.    Explain how axial plane foliation can be used in deducing polyphase deformation.

12.    Give an account of Goldschmidts geochemical classification.

13.    Discuss the constraints in the determination of age of the Vindhyans.

14.    Distinguish symmetrical plane and symmetrical space lattices.

15.    Give a brief account of the precambrain rocks of kerala.

16.    Critically examine the classical views on the origin of geosynclina! basins.

Section-C

1.    What are shear indicators and shear sense indicators? Discuss the effect of reactivated shearing on shear sense indicators.

2.    Give an account of the coal deposits of India with special reference to the Quaternary deposits.

3.    What is pumping test? Explain in detail the Theis equation.

47A.Geography

Section-B

1.    Explain the behaviour of a system.

2.    Discuss the usefulness of terrain classification in resourced analysis.

3.    Evaluate the pediplain concept

4.    Describe the possible causes of climatic change.

5.    Write a note on Tropical climates,

6.    Critically analyse the role of German geographers in the development of geography.

7.    Outline briefly the watershed development programme.

8.    Explain the basic concepts of regional planning.

9.    Give an account of the minimum deviation method of crop combination analysis.

10.    Analyse the causes for the deterioration of urban environment.

11.    Explain Rank-Size rule.

12.    What are the different types of samples and describe the sampling methods in geographical research.

13.    Explain the concept of crustal displacement of Wegener with evidences.

14.    Natural Vegetation is a true reflection of climate and physiography-Eiucidate with reference to India.

15.    Briefly outline the important components of map design.

16.    Account for the various methods of image processing.

Section-C

1.    Write a detailed account on the cartographic appreciation of toposheets published by survey of India in different periods.

2.    Critically evaluate the pattern of regional development in India.

3.    Provide a descriptive account on the suitability and relevance of GIS as a technique in geography to find solutions for various earth related problems.

48. Home science Section-B

1.    Discuss the principles and process of organizing in management.

2.    Explain the role of change agent in rural development.

3.    Bring out the role of food groups in planning diets to obtain a balanced diet for an adult woman.

4.    Discuss the measures for energy conservation in home lighting.

5.    Communication of methods makes learning effective. Justify die statement.

6.    Give a detailed account of the mechanism of respiration.

7.    Effective human relationship is an aid for effective management. Explain.

8.    Write a note on family life and responsible parenthood.

9.    Explain the roles and responsibilities of a dietetian.

10.    Draw and explain the plan of ornamental garden.

11.    Explain the causes for low productivity in agriculture.

12.    Write on the structure and function of hemoglobin.

13.    Do you think that home science education as made you measureful for the family and society? Substantiate your answer.

14.    Elucidate the different methods of bringing about co ordination in extension work.

15.    What is Basal Metabolism? Enumerate the factors which influence basal metabolism.

16.    Bring out the place of housing in integrated development,

17.    Bring out the role of universities in the eradication of illiteracy.

18.    State the characteristics of modern storage structures.

19.    Examine the methods available to assess the food and nutritional problems of the community.

20.    Describe the various tools for evaluation.

21.    Explain the scope of Home science.

22.    Explain the role of women in agriculture.

23.    Home science serves the nation- Discuss.

Section-C

1. Choose any one of the areas listed below:

a.    Evaluation of an adult education programme in rural area.

b.    Assessment of nutritional status of a community.

c.    v_Fuel energy conservation at house hold level and prepare a proposal stating

clearly.

1.    The need and significance of the stud.

2.    The objectives of the study.

3.    Methodology and

4.    The analysis that would be adopted.

49. Mathematics Section-B

1.    Find all automorphisms of the group Z i2-

2.    Find all automorphisms of the field (V2, V3).

3.    Factorize x³ + x + 1 into irreducible in Z₃ [xj.

4.    Let W], W₂, W₃, be subspaces of a vector space V such that W| W₂ = W, W₃ = V. Is it necessary that W₂ == W₃. Justify your answer.

5.    Find the eigen values and one eigen vector corresponding to each eigen value for "2 3 O'

0 2 1

0 0 3

6.    Let Y be a topological space such that for every topological space X, every mapping from X to Y is continuous. Verify whether Y is necessarily an indiscrete space.

7.    Let X be an uncountable set with co countable topology. Verify whether X is separable.

8.    Describe a triangulation of the Mobius strip. List all 2-simplexes in it.

9.    Find all points xe |p>such that sin x + cos x = 1.

10.    Let /= R² -> R be defined by fU,y)= K ^{,{X + / ):}

[ 0    : x=0

Find the directional derivative/'(0, u) where u = (1, 2).

11.    Let u(x, y) = x² + y. Can u be the real part of an analytic function. Justity your answer.

12.    Describe the nature of the singularity of z Sin (Y_z) at z - 0.

13.    Let A and B be subspaces of an inner product space X such that A² = B¹. Js it necessary that A = B. Justify your answer.

14.    Let X be an inner product space and a functional/on X be defined byfx)-<x,a> for a fixed aeX. verify whether \\ f\\ = || a [[.

15.    Let E be an ortho-normal set in a Hilbert space H and P:H >H be defined by P(x) = < x,u >; for allxeH.

U E

Verify that P is an orthogonal projection and find range of P.

16.    Is the sequence space / reflexive? Justify your answer.

Section-C

1.    Develop the theory of Euclidean domains giving examples and showing various properties.

2.    Describe various compactifications of topological spaces giving examples and bringing out their major properties.

3.    Describe orthoriormal basis and bring out their role in Hilbert space theory.

50. Physics

Section-B

1.    We know that nuclei are not made of protons and electrons, rather than protons and neutrons. Explain why.

2.    How do you classify nuclear reactions as exoergic and endoergic? Give one example for each type.

3.    The spectral lines of various elements are detected from a galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. An ultraviolet line from singly ionized calcium of

' wavelength 393 nm is observed at 414 nm. At what speed is this galaxy receding from the earth?

*

4.    Cosmological principle requires that Ho must have the same value every where in space, but does not require that it be a constant in time. Explain why.

; 5. Use band model to explain how it is possible for some materials to undergo a '' semiconductor-to-metal transition as the pressure or temperature varies,

* * Pure sodium (Na) is a good conductor of electricity, but sodium chloride (NaCI) ti crystal is an insulator. Explain why.

T

Pp. . What are the most significant similarities between the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom and the Schrodinger analysis? What are the differences? _|PTn

8.    A particle in a box is in the ground level. What is the probability of finding the particle in the right half of the box? Is the answer the same if the particle is in an excited level? Explain,

9.    How would you expect the probability for a particle to tunnel through a potential barrier to depend on the height of the barrier? Explain.

10.    Phosphors coated inside a fluorescent lamp convert ultraviolet radiation into visible light. Can we make use a phosphor to convert visible light into ultraviolet? Explain.

11.    What is the speed of a particle whose kinetic energy is equal to its rest energy?

12.    A commonly used lens coating material is MgF₂ with n = 1.38. What thickness should a nonreflective coating have for 550-nm light if it is applied to glass with n= 1.52?

13.    Why is a diffraction grating better than a two-slit setup for measuring wavelengths of light?

14.    State and explain maximum power transfer theorem.

15.    What i s an operational ampl i fier?

16.    What are the advantages of digital communication over analogue communication?

Section - C

1.    You have to study the variation of the ionospheric structure. Describe the research methodology you adopt from an earth station.

What additional information you can obtain, if we do this experiment from a satellite above the ionosphere?

2.    What is nanomaterial? How do you prepare such materials and study their properties?

3.    You have been asked to verify the structure of a given molecule by spectroscopic methods. How do you plan your studies?

51. Statistics Sectiou-B    *

3. Let Xt, ......... X be a random sample of size n(>l) from a population with

density f(x) = 0^X (l-0)''\ for x = 0, 1 where 0 < 0 <1. Let ja = min(X[,...... X_n)

and V = max (X₅,....... X_n). Derive the joint density of (n, v).

52. Zoology Section-B

1.    What is a contig, an RFLP, a VNTR, an STS and an EST? How are each of these used in the construction of chromosome maps?

2.    What is antisense RNA? State its uses in genetic research and in agriculture.

3.    Briefly describe the various DNA repair mechanisms.

4.    Differentiate between generalized and specialized transduction.

5.    Explain the hormonal integration in calcium homeostasis and the associated defects.

6.    Write briefly on the methods of dispersion,

7.    Briefly describe the principle and application of photometry in biology.

8.    Comments on ELISA and RIA.

9.    Briefly describe the classification and distribution of immunoglobulins.

10.    Differentiate between EEG and ECG

11.    Explain the path of electron transfer during photosynthetic process.

12.    Discuss the various endocrine techniques for recognition of endocrine disorders.

13.    Comment on mitochondrial shuttles operating across the mitochondrial membrane.

14.    Briefly describe the techniques for elucidating the conformation of proteins.

15.    Explain Bohr effect and the integration of respiratory control.

16.    Comment on the lymphatic system.

Section-C

1.    Discuss and differentiate the working of SEM and TEM and outline the tissue preparation steps and additional techniques used in electron microscopy.

2.    Explain the role of metabolic mill in release of energy and elucidate the anapleurotic reaction associated with it.

3.    Define the concept of sustainable development and discuss the present scenario on agri-ecosystem management in India.

FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

53. Archaeology Section-B

1.    Discuss the growth of Archaeology into an independent discipline

2.    Discuss the relative methods of dating in archaeology.

3.    Write an essay on the prehistoric art of Europe.

4.    Give an account of the South African prehistory.

5.    Bring out the salient features of Indian Mesolithic culture.

6.    Elucidate the characteristic features of South Indian Neolithic culture.

7.    Write a note on copper hoards

8.    Bring out the salient features of Harappan town planning.

9.    Discuss the second urbanization process in north India.

10.    Write a note on Ajanta paintings.

11.    Discuss the contribution of Chalukyas to temple architecture.

12.    Write a note on the coins of Kumaragupta.

13.    Bring out the salient features of kushan coins

14.    Discuss the origin of Brahmi script.

15.    Write a note on antiquity of writing in India

16.    Give an account of megalithic monuments with special reference to Kerala.

Section-C

1.    Explain the term primary sources and secondary sources and their relevance for archaeological research,

2.    Prepare a proposal on the Megaliths of Kerala emphasising the methods you would adopt for data collection and research,

3.    Discuss the general formatting adopted in a research thesis.

1.    Critically examine the common minimum programme (CMP) of the limited progressive. Alliance government in the center,

2.    Examine the factors contributed for achieving a better quality of life in Kerala compared to poor states in India.

3.    Examine the causes of shift in cropping pattern in Kerala.

55. History Section-B

1.    R.B. Foote

2.    Tamil Brahmi

3.    Minovans

4.    Malik Kafur

5.    Marco Polo

6.    Addled parliament

7.    Dollar Diplomacy

8.    Fidel Castro

9.    Hortus Malabariens

10.    Satyasodhak samaj

11.    Sayyid Ahmad Khan

12.    Royal Asiatic society

13.    Madras Native Association

14.    Empiricism

15.    Hermeneuticism

16.    Hypothesis

Section-C

1.    History is the unfolding story of human freedom. Explain .

2.    What is a hypothesis? What would be your proposed hypothesis of research?

3.    What are the different types of documentation? Explain the significance of archival documents.

56. Islamic history Section-B

1.    Describe the prime religious duties of a Muslim.

2.    Sketch the role of Abu-Bakr in expanding the Islamic state.

3.    Write a note on Kharijites.

4.    Explain the consequences of the tragedy of Karbala.

5.    Discuss the revivalist movements in Islam by Ibn - Taymiyah.

6.    Explain the rise of Khomeni in Iran.    '

7.    Mention the importance of the treaty of serves .

8.    What is the Islamic concept of owneship of wealth.

9.,    Write a note on the evolution of Zionist movement and its impact.

10.    Write a note on Arab League

11.    Give an account of the contribution of Muslim Spain in transmitting Arab learning to Europe.

12.    Discuss the development of Fiqh under the Abbasids.

13.    Write a note on the religious policy of Aurangzeb,

14.    What is the significance of Ijma in religious matters.

15.    Examine the revolt of 1921 and its impact in Kerala

16.    Trace the beginnings of Muslim League in Kerala

Section -C

What are the contributions of Arab Historiography to modem Historiography.

2,    Discuss the statement History is philosophy teaching by examples.

3.    Prepare a synopsis on. the emergence of Muslim community in post -independent Kerala.

57. Political Science (Including Public Administration)

Section-B

1.    Max Wekers analysis on Bureaucracy

2.    Development Administration.

3.    Polyarchy and Pluralism.

A. Factors contributing morale in public services

Distinguish between devolution and decentralisation.

6. Lenins theory On Imperialism |t Gandhiji on State t. Sarvodaya Movement

> Internet Revolution and its impact in political science, v G4 and the issue of reforming U.N. Security Council.

Nuclear energy co-operation between India and United States.

> Inter state river water disputes in India.

. Features of National Employment Guarantee Act.

J/k Media Democracy in the era of Globalization    fP.T.OI

15.    Finance Ministry and Budgeting process

16.    Major functions of Union Public Service Commission.

Section-C

1.    Define synopsis. Identify and examine the scope of the major elements to be considered while preparing a synopsis.

2.    Bring out the significance of survey research in social science research methodology.

3.    Prepare a research design on Women Employment through Decentralisation process: A case study of Kerala.

58. Psychology Section-B

2. Cognitive behaviour therapy

4. Pseudo experimental design

6.    Divergent thinking

8.    Rorschach test

10.    Engineering psychology

12.    Sensitivity training

14.    Maslows hierarchy of needs

16.    Defense mechanism

Section-C

1.    Formulate a research design to show the effectiveness of intervention strategies in reducing alcoholism.

2.    Bring out the importance of analysis of variance in psychological investigations

3.    Describe the procedure for hypothesis testing. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples.

59. Sociology Section-B

1.    Class consciousness

2.    Phenomenology

3.    Hypothesis

4.    Versthen

5.    Pretest

6.    Agil

7.    Deconstruction

8.    Genealogy of power

9.    Organic analogy

10.    Scientific method

11.    Functional paradigm

12.    Dramaturgical perspective

13.    Religion of Humanity

14.    Theory of communicative action

15.    Duality of structure

16.    Experimental design

Section-C

1.    Explain how social research can help policy making and planning, with suitable examples.

2.    Prepare a research proposal on any topic of your interest, for a funding agency.

3.    Bring out the use of sampling in social research. Examine the important methods of sampling.

60. Social Work Section-B

1.    Describe the psychoanalytic approach in social care work.

2.    Define counselling and list out the major techniques used in counselling

3.    Discuss the relevance of Self-Help groups in contemporary society.

4.    Discuss the scope of qualitative research in social work.

5.    Briefly describe the directive principle enshrined in Indian constitution.

6.    Describe the legislative measures to combat atrocities against scheduled caste scheduled tribe.

7.    Discuss the reasons for increasing rote of suicides in kerala.

8.    Social Work Education is lagging behind times comment.

9.    Briefly describe the various tools used for data collection in social work research.

10.    Define social work and discuss its major functions.

11.    Define administration. What are the functions of administration?

12. Differentiate between reliability and validity.

:!13. Write a brief note on psychosomatic disorders.

)'I4. Explain the important steps in organizing a successful training programme.

*$5. Write a brief note on the rights of the child.

16. Discuss the scope of social work in industries.    \p.T.

Section-C

1.    Briefly describe the various steps in social work research.

2.    Prepare a research proposal for conducting a KAP study on AIDS among commercial sex workers.

3.    What is a hypothesis? Point out the characteristics of a good hypothesis. List out the different type of hypotheses.

1

Determine the force between two molecules as a function of distance, as given by the Lemnard Jones potential.

ID t'm

2

   Define probability space. Give an example of it.